Fence



(No Model.)

L. S. NEWMAN.

FENGE.

Patented July 8, 1890.

71 2871 eases Xiior e56. I

Penis on, mmo-Lrmm, WASHINGTON, n c

UNITED STAT S PATENT OFFIcE.

LAVSON S. NEWMAN, OF PEORIA, NEW YORK.

' FENCE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 431,706, dated July 8, 189i). Application filed November 20, 1889. Serial at. 331,014. (No model.)

'To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LAWsoN S. NEwMAN,a citizen of the United States, residing at Peoria, in the county of WVyoming and Stateof New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Fences, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a wire fence which is especially adapted for use upon farms and fields and along railroads. The object of my invention is to provide a simple and inexpensive fence of this character, which maybe constructed upon the premises by unskilled persons, and which,while possessing strength and durability, shall be sufficiently elastic to return to its proper form when deflected by animals confined within the inclosure of the fence.

The invention consists to these ends in the peculiar construction of the fence, as will be hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is an elevation of a section of my improved fence. Fig. 2 is a top plan view thereof, showing a modified form of the guard-wire.

Likeletters and numerals of reference refer to like parts in both figures.

A A represent two posts, which support the wires of a section of a fence, the postAbeing a corner or end post and suitably braced and the other an intermediate post.

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 represent a vertic-a1 series of longitudinal wires secured to the outer sides of the supporting-posts by;

staples or otherfastenings and constituting a section of the fence between two posts. These wires are twisted together in pairs or sets centrally between two posts, as represented in Fig. 1, the wire 1 being intertwisted with the wire 3, the wire 2 with the wire 5, the wire 4 with the wire 7, the wire 6 with the wire 9, and the wire 8 with the wire 10. For the purpose of promoting clearness and enabling the course of the wires to be readily traced, one wire of each set is represented by a single heavy line in the drawings and the other by two fine open lines. By thus twisting together the top and bottom or end wires 1 10 with the second next wire therefromviz.,with the wires 3 and 8, rcspectivelyand intertwisting the intermediate wires 2, 4, and 6 with the third next Wire therefrom-viz., the wires 5, 7, and 9-the wires of each set are caused to cross each other centrally between the posts and to intersect the adjacent wires near the posts, as clearly represented in Fig. 1. At the points where the wires of each set cross adjacent wires they are again twisted together, as represented at B, the wire 2 being twisted with wire 3, wire 4 with wire 5, wire 6 with wire 7, and wire 8 with wire 9. This peculiarmanner of crossing and intertwining the wires iinparts considerable tension and elasticity to the fence and permits it to yield to pressure, while compelling it to return to its original position when' the pressure is removed, thus always maintaining the fence in. line and preventing the same from being permanently bent or assuming a set position upon being deflected.

In constructing the fence a vertical series of horizontal wires are loosely strung between the posts parallel with each other, the two uppermost wires 1 2 and the two lowermost wires 9 10 being preferably arranged singly, while the intermediate wires 3 4, 5 6, 7 8, are arranged in pairs, so as to obtain a practically uniform spacing of the several strands of the fence. The wires 1 and 3 are first brought together centrally between the posts and twisted together at this point by means of a bar or lever placed between the wires, producing a double or right and left hand twist, as distinguished from a continuous twist in the same direction, such as is found in ordinary twisted wire. The wires 2 and 5 are next brought together and intertwisted in a similar manner, then the wires 4 and 7, and finally the wires (3 and 9. The portions of the several wires near the post will now cross each other, and these portions are twisted togeth er to form the twists B.

The extreme top and bottom wires 1 and 10 are intertwisted with the wires 3 and 8, respectively, only centrally between the posts, and serve as tension-wires, which tend to spread or stretch the body of the fence vertically.

The section of fencing between every two supporting-posts forms an elastic or flexible truss, which is suffi ciently strong to resist the impact or concussion to which it is subjected by animals running against it, while possessing suliicieut elasticity to spring back to its proper position when relieved from pressure.

By twisting together the wires in the manner described the fence may be readily tightened from time to time, as may be rendered necessary by the action of the frost upon the supporting-posts, by inserting a bar in the central loop of each of the several twists and giving the wires a sufficient number of turns to restore the proper tension to the fence.

The fence is constructed of comparatively heavy wire, preferably No. 10 or 12 wire, such I as is used for telegraph-lines.

0 represents a guard or fender arranged along the inner side of the supporting-posts, preferably opposite the topmost wires of the fence. This guard protects the portions of the top wires adjacent to the supporting-posts against thrusts from animals confined within the inclosure of the fence and prevents the fasteningstaples of these wires from being torn from the supporting-posts. The guard 0 consists, preferably, of a double wire passing along the inner and outer sides of the supporting-posts and around the end posts, the wires being preferably twisted together between the posts, as shown. The outer strand of the guard-wire is preferably intertwisted near the supporting-posts with the top wire 1, as shown in Fig. 1. This construction reen-forces the top wire and stiffens the upper portion of the fence. If desired, however, the guard-wire may be disconnected from said top wire, as represented in Fig. 2. When the guard-wire passes around the end posts, as shown, it tends to prevent twisting of these posts.

In the drawings five sets or strands of wire are shown; but it is obvious that a greater or less number may be employed, according to the height of fence desired.

My improved fence is very cheap, as it is composed of ordinary wire, and it is readily erected by the farmer without the use of special tools or machinery.

I claim as my invention- 1. In a fence, the combination, with two supporting-posts, of a series of longitudinal wires secu red to said posts, the uppermost and lowermost wires of the series being each i11- .tertwisted with the second next wire therefrom centrally between the posts, and each third next wire therefrom centrally between the posts,'substantially as set forth.

2. In a fence, the combination, with two supporting-posts, of a series of longitudinal wires secured to said posts, the uppermost and lowermost wires being intertwisted with the second next wire therefrom centrally between the posts, while each remaining wire is intertwisted with the third next wire therefrom centrally between the posts, and the several wires being again twisted together near the posts where they cross each other, substantially as set forth.

3. The herein-described method of constructing a wire fence, which consists in stringing a series of wires horizontally between two supporting-posts, then intertwisting the uppermost and lowermost wires with the second next wires therefrom centrally between the posts, then intertwisting each remaining wire with the third next wire therefrom centrally between the posts, and finally twisting together the several wires where they cross each other near the posts, substantially as set forth.

4. In afence, the combination, with the supporting-posts, of a series of longitudinal wires secured to the outersides of said posts, the uppermost and lowermost wires being intertwisted with the second next wire therefrom, whileeach remaining wire is intertwisted with the third next wire therefrom, and a longitudinal guard or wire arranged across the inner side of the supporting-posts, substantially as set forth.

5. In afence, the combination, with the supporting-posts, of aseries of longitudinal wires secured to the outer sides of said posts, the uppermost and lowermost Wires being intertwisted with the second next wire therefrom, while each remaining wire is intertwisted at its central portion with the third next wire I therefrom, and a guard-wire extending across the inner and outer sides of the intermediate supporting-posts and around the end or eorner posts and intertwisted near theposts with the top wire of the fence, substantially-as set forth.

Witness my hand this 9th day of November, 1889.

LAl/VSON S. "NEWMAN.

Witnesses:

FRED. C. GEYER, ALICE G. CONNELLY. 

